bigelow



3 Sheets--Sheet 1i E. B. BI GELD W. Loom for Weaving Pile Fabrics.

Patented Aug. 31, 875.

I No. 167,152.

N. PETERS. PHOTOJJTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGYON. D C.

3 Sheets--Sheet 2. E. B. BlG-ELUW.

Loom for Weaving Pile Fabrics. N0.167,152, ParenredAug.31,175.

/A/V/VTOR;

ILPETERS. PNOTO-UTHDGAPME. WASHINGTON, D C.

SSheets--Sheet 3.

E. B. BIG'ELow. y Loom for Weaving Pile Fabrics.

N'O. 167,152, Patented Aug. 31,187.5.

#Wm/Emmy /A/ VEA/TOR;

NJEERS, PHOTO-UTNOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D (24 UNITED STATES PATENT Ormel.

ERASTUS B. BIGELOW, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING PILED FABRICS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 167,152, dated August31, 1875 application filed July 14, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERAsrUs BRIGHAM BIGELOW, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvementin Looms for Weaving Piled Fabrics, of which the following is aspecification My invention relates to the mechanism for operating thepile-wires, and is represented by the accompanying drawings, which forma part of the specification.

Figure lis a front elevation of my improved mechanism, and such otherparts of a loom as are necessary to illustrate its construction andoperation. Fig. 2 is a right-hand elevation of the same; Fig. 3, a rearelevation; and Fig. 4., a plan.

The object of my invention is to simplify the construction of themechanism and to facilitate the passage of the pile-wires into the shedof the warps.

A part of my invention consists in the employment of two oscillatingstaffs to operate the pile-wires, one to carry the withdrawinghook andthe other the inserting-receiver, or its equivalent, and also in themode of constructin g and operating said staffs.

In order that the pile-wires may pass properly into the shed of thewarps it is necessary that their inner ends should be directed towardits deepest part while being inserted,

- and then swung toward the cloth-forming line as the insertingoperation is being completed. Heretofore the inserting-receiver orbitsequivalent has had but two movements, one toward and from the lay andanother toward and from the cloth, the direction of the latter movementbeing sometimes inclined slightly toward the reed. I find, in practice,that by giving it an additional movement irrespective of the directionof its other movements a betterresult is obtained. Another part of myinvention, therefore, consists in giving to the inserting-receiver orits equivalent an oscillating movement in addition to its two usualmovements, whereby any desired lateral movement may be given to theinner ends of the pile-wires while they are being inserted, whatever maybe the direction in which saidinserting-receiver or its equivalent maybe moved toward the cloth. This part of my invention is applicable, andI incated in the drawings by a, the cloth by b, the ground-warp by c,and the figure-warp by d,

the shed for the passage of the shuttle by e, and the shed for thereception of the pilewires by f, the two sheds being represented in theposition given them at the time a pilewire is inserted and the shuttlethrown. Thepile-wires g are formed with heads, as is usual,

and as shown in Fig. 5. A series of them, as

they are held in position by the guard h and lie in the cloth during theoperation of weaving, is represented in Fig. 4.

My improved mechanism, which acts in succession on the forward one ofthe series, will now be described. It is actuated by a shaft, z, whichreceives motion from the cam-shaft j through the action of thebevel-gears le. The shafti is supported by two stands, Z and m, whichare held together by a girt, n. The withdrawing-staff', which, at itsupper end, carries the withdrawing-hook, is held in position by a stand,o, and oscillates on a stud, p, affixed thereto.

Now, it will be obvious that if the distance between the upper end ofthe staff and the stud p remains constant, the withdrawinghook as thestaff oscillates toward and from the cloth would move in an arc of acircle corresponding to the radius thus formed; whereas it is necessarythat it should move more nearly in a horizontal plane. To effect thisresult I make the sta in two parts, which are respectively indicated byq and i'. The upper part q is connected with the lower part r in such amanner as to be capableA of moving up and down in the guide-bearings s,(see Fig. 6,) and to sustain it in its proper vertical position and tocause its upper end to move toward and from the cloth in the requiredhorizontal plane a bar or link, t, is employed, the lower end of whichis jointed to the part g while its upper end is'supported by, andoscillates on, a stud, u, affixed to the stand o, before mentioned, theseveral parts eo-operating on the principle of the well-known parallelmotion.77 The length of the bar or link t and the position of the axison which it oscillates are so adjusted with respect to each other as tocause the upper end of the oscillating staff as it draws out a wire torise above the plane of the wires in the cloth and elevate the wire tothe proper position to enter the shed f. rEhe withdrawing-hook u isformedon the rear side of a lever-arm, w, which is jointed at a to anadjustable bar on the upper end of the part g of the withdrawing-staff.It is formed on the lever-arm instead of the end of the staff, in orderthat by swinging the leverarm into a vertical position the hook may beprevented from drawing out the pile-wires when the loom is turned torestore a lost pick.7 A spring, y, holds the leverarm when at rest inits vertical or horizontal position. The withdrawing-staff is movedtoward and from the cloth by the shaft t' before-mentioned, the motionbeing transmitted through the medium of the disk z, stud a', andconnecting-bar b and when it has nearly coinpleted its movement towardthe cloth the hook engages the wire-head, as is usual, and when it movesfrom the cloth it draws out a wire and delivers it to the insertingmechanism, which will now be described.

A front view of the inserting mechanism is represented in Fig. 7detached from the loom. The inserting-staff is made in two parts, whichare respectively designated c and d. The part c is connected with thepart cl in such manner as to be capable of moving up and down freely inthe guide-bearings e', and for the same purpose that the two parts ofthe withdrawing-staffl before described are similarly connected. Thelower part d is affixed to a horizontal axis, f', which will hereinafterbe described. The upper part c', with which the inserting-receiver orits equivalent g is connected, is held in its vertical position andcaused to move toward the cloth in a proper plane for inserting thepile-wires by a stud, h', which carries a roller, i', which traverses aslot, j', formed in the bar k;

By this arrangement it will be seen that the plane in which theinserting -receiver moves may be varied to any desired extent by acorresponding variation of the slot j. Instead ofthe stud It', rolleri', and slot j', for keeping the inserting-receiver in the requiredplane I sometimes substitute a bar or link similar to that used inconnection with the withdrawing-staff, as before described.

The in sertin g-receiver, or its equivalent, has three movements, onetoward and from the lay to successively receive the pile-wires from -thewithdrawinghook, and carry them from the line where they are drawn fromthe cloth to the line where they are inserted in the warps, anothertoward and from the cloth to insert them, and another to direct theirinner ends toward the reed or deepest part of the shed while beinginserted, and to swing them toward the cloth-forming line as theinserting operation is being completed. These movements are effectedrespectively as follows: The

mechanism connected with the inserting-receiver is supported by a frameconsisting of an axis, l', and a bow projection, m', on its rear side,as shown in Fig. 4. Two standards, marked n', are affixed to the axisl', and support at their upper ends the slotted bar k', beforedescribed. Y Y

The axis l is supported by bearings of, and is capable of oscillatingtherein. The axis f', before mentioned, to which the lower part d of theinserting-staff is afxed, is supported by bearings formed in the axisl', and bow-projection m, and is capable of oscillating therein. Fromthis description it will be readily seen that by oscillating the axis lthe inserting-receiver g will be moved toward and from the lay, and thatby oscillating the axis f it will be moved toward and from the cloth. Tothe rear end of the bow-projection m the lower end of a rod, 19', isjointed, while its upper end is jointed at q to the inner end ofaleverarm, r', which oscillates on a stud, s. A cam, t', on the shaft t'acts on a roller, u', on the side of the lever-arm r', and thus turnsthe axis l', and moves A#the inserting-receiver from the reed, while aspring, o', draws it in the opposite direction when the cam t allows itto do so. A bent. lever-arm, w', oscillates on a stud, 00, and isconnected by a bar, y', to the lower part d of the oscillating staff. Acam, z', acts on a roller, a, 011 the side of the lever-arm fw',and.moves the inserting-receiver toward the cloth, while the coiledspring on the axis f draws it in an opposite direction,

va grooved cam being sometimes employed which moves it in bothdirections. rlhe inserting-receiver g' is formed on a spindle, b, whichis capable of oscillating in bearings c projecting from the front sideof the upper part c of the inserting-staff. Its socket, which receivesthe pile-wire heads from the withdrawing-hook, is represented yby Fig. 8and Fig. 9, Fig. 9 being an enlarged front view, and Fig. 8 an edgeview, showing its mouth,

' which is slightly beveled to facilitate the entrance of the wireheads. The mouth of the socket is also made wider than its bottom, as

is indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 9, in'

order that the wire heads may retain their horizontal position, whilethe angle of the staff is changed by its movement toward the cloth. Thefront side piece of the socket is cut out at d." for a passage for thewithdrawing-hook as it draws in a wire head. To prevent the wire headsfrom escaping unduly from the socket, and yet not hold them so firmlybut that the socket can readily be withdrawn without displacing thepile-wires, a spring, e, is affixed to the rear side piece of thesocket, on the upper end of which a convex face, f, is formed, whichpasses through said rear side piece into the path of the wire head. Now,it will be obvious that as a wire head is drawn into the socket theconvex face of the spring will yield to its pressure until the hole inthe wire head on which it acts is brought in range with it, when it willengage Athe receiver.

therewith and hold the pile-wire in position while being inserted,though not so firmly but that the receiver, as it returns for asucceeding wire, is readily withdrawn from it.

The movement of the inserting-receiver or its equivalent, whereby theinner ends of the pile-wires areA directed toward the reed or deepestpart of the shed while they are being inserted therein, and swung towardthe clothforming line as the inserting operation is being completed, isimparted to it as follows, viz: The spindle b, on which theinsertingreceiver is formed, has a helical spring, g, surrounding it,which constantly tends to turn the mouth of the receiver toward thereed, though its movement in that direction is limited by a fixed stop.To the lower end of the spindle b a bent lever-arm, h, is affixed, thedepending arm of which, at appropriate intervals, acts on cam-surfacesi" and j, which are affixed to the slotted bar lo', before described.When the inserting-receiver is at the outward stage of its movement inwhich it is represented in Fig. 7, its mouth is on the line on which thepile-wires are drawn from the cloth and delivered to it; then, when thereceiver has started on its movement toward the cloth to insert the wirethe cam-surface i allows the spring g to turn the spindle b to the fixedstop before mentioned, and thus direct the inner end of the wire towardthe reed, in which relative position the receiver and the wire continuetheir movement until the depending arm of the lever h reaches thecam-surfacej, which turns the receiver back to its former position, andswings the inner end of the wire toward the cloth-forming line as theinserting operation is being completed. A mode of'e'ecting thesemovements of the inserting-receiver, when it is carried by a slide and aslide-bar, is represented in Fig. l() and Fig. 11. The slide-bar k istraversed by the slide l, as is usual, amd the spindle b oftheinserting-receiver g scillates in bearings c proiecting` from the slidel, in the same manner as when it is carried by the oscillating staffjust described. In the side of the slidebar k" a recess, m, is formed,the bottom of which is shaped in accordance with the oscillatingmovement required to be given to The lever-arm h carries a roller, u,which rests on the bottom ofthe recess m. The helical spring g on thespindle b constantly tends to press the roller against the bottom oftherecess, so that as the receiver is moved toward the cloth to insert awire it oscillates in accordance with the form of the bottom oftherecess. The inner ends of the pilewires are transferred from the linewhere they are drawn from the cloth to the point where they areinserted, by a carrier, o, as usual.

It starts on its movement toward the lay in unison with theinserting-receiver, which carries theouter end of the pile-wires, thoughit moves a greater distance than the inserting-receiver, thus deectingthe pile-wires to the point of insertion, as is usual. The carrier ooscillates on a stud, p, and is affixed to a horizontal arm, q', whichis connected by a bar, r, to a lever-arm, s, which oscillates on thestud sf, and is actuated bya cam, t, on the shaft t'. mechanism forms nopart of my invention a further description of it is deemed unnecessary.The withdrawing-hook and the inserting-receiver co-operating, withdrawand insert a pile-wire at every two beats of the lay. When the formerhas engaged a wire, and nearly completed its movement from the cloth,the latter takes a position by its side, and by pressing against aguide-bar, u, on the withdrawing-staff, the two parts are kept in suchrelation to each other that the hook, moving a little faster than thereceiver, draws the wire-headinto the socket of the receiver. Thus armedwith a wire, it moves back toward the lay to the line of insertion, thentoward the cloth, and inserts the wire, as hereinbefore explained. l

It will be obvious to those accustomed to construct machinery that theform and arrangement ot' many of the parts above described may be variedwithout departing from the principles of my invention.

I am aware that an oscillating staff has been used to carry theinsertingreceiver or its equivalent, in combination with a slidetraversing a slide-bar to carry the withdrawinghook, and also that asingle oscillating statt has been employed 4to carry both thewithdrawing-hook and the inserting-receiver;l but the employment of twooscillating shafts, as herein set forth, I believe to be new.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of two oscillating staffs, constructed and operatedsubstantially as hercin described, one statt' being adapted to draw thepile-wires from 'the cloth, and the other to insert them in the shed ofthe warp, substantially as specified.

2. The inserting-receiver, adapted to receive an oscillating movementtoward and from the lay, in addition to its usual movements, andirrespective ofthe direction of its movement toward and from the cloth,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

ERASTUS BRIGHAM BIGELOW.

Witnesses:

JOHN B. WHITMAN, ELIZA F. BrGELoW.

But as this part of the-

